克罗地亚独立国大屠杀
相关条目：克罗地亚独立国，乌斯塔沙，Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia，亚塞诺瓦茨集中营，Concentration camps in the Independent State of Croatia，World War II in Yugoslavia
The Holocaust in the Independent State of Croatia is a term which is primarily used in reference to the genocide of Jews, but sometimes, it is also used in reference to the genocide of Serbs (the Genocide of the Serbs) and Romani (Porajmos), within the Independent State of Croatia (Serbo-Croatian: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH), a fascist puppet state which existed during World War II, was led by the Ustaše regime, and ruled an occupied area of Yugoslavia which included most of the territory of modern-day Croatia, the whole of modern-day Bosnia and Herzegovina and the eastern part of Syrmia (Serbia). Of the 39,000 Jews who lived in the NDH in 1941, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum states that more than 30,000 were killed. Of these, 6,200 were shipped to Nazi Germany and the rest of them were killed in the NDH, the vast majority were killed in Ustaše-run concentration camps, such as Jasenovac. The Ustaše were the only quisling forces in Europe who operated their own extermination camps for the purpose of killing Jews and members of other ethnic groups.
克罗地亚独立国大屠杀，指的是二战期间针对犹太人的种族灭绝，有时也被用来指代克罗地亚独立国时期纳粹政权对塞尔维亚人（Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia）以及罗姆人的大屠杀（吞灭）。克罗地亚独立国（塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语：Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH），由乌斯塔沙领导，二战期间纳粹的傀儡政权，其领土包括现代波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的整个地区以及斯雷姆（塞尔维亚）的东部，以及现代克罗地亚的大部分区域。1941 年，有 39000 名犹太人生活在 NDH。据美国大屠杀纪念馆统计，有 30000 多名犹太人在种族灭绝中被杀，其中 6200 人被运往纳粹德国，其余人在 NDH 中丧生。大多数人在乌斯塔沙建立的集中营（Concentration camps in the Independent State of Croatia），如亚塞诺瓦茨集中营遇害。乌斯塔沙是二战期间欧洲唯一一个以屠杀犹太人和其他种族为目的而建立灭绝营的 Quisling 组织。
Of the minority, 9,000 Jews, who managed to survive, 50% of them did so by joining the Partisans or escaping to Partisan-controlled territory. Unlike the Polish Home Army and other resistance groups which did not accept Jews, the Partisans welcomed them and 10 Yugoslav Jews were named National Heroes, the highest WWII award, including Jews from Croatia. Croatian civilians were also involved in saving Jews during this period. As of 2020, 120 Croats have been recognized as Righteous among the Nations.
少数幸存下来的 9000 名犹太人中，有一半加入了南斯拉夫人民解放军和游击队，部分人逃到了游击队控制的区域，以躲避屠杀。与拒绝接受犹太人的波兰军队和其他抵抗组织相反，南斯拉夫人民解放军和游击队对犹太人的到来很是欢迎。在南斯拉夫，包括来自克罗地亚 10 名犹太人被评为民族英雄——这是二战最高奖项。在此期间，有克罗地亚平民也参与了拯救犹太人的工作。 截至 2020 年，已有 120 名克罗地亚人被公认为国际义人。